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'''Андрос''' ({{lang-el|Άνδρος}}) е [[Гърция|гръцки]] [[остров]], най-северният от [[Цикладски острови|Цикладските острови]]. Разположен е приблизително на 10 км югоизточно от о. [[Евбея]] и около 3 км северно от о. [[Тинос]]. Островът е дълъг почти 40 км и с най-голяма ширина от 16 км. Релефът е в по-голямата си част планински, с много плодородни долини. Главният град на острова също се казва [[Андрос (град)|Андрос]] и е рзположен на източния бряг. През 1900 г. населението на острова е около 18 000 жители, но данните от преброяването на населението през 1991 г. отчитат едва 8 781 жители. Според последното преброяване в Гърция от 2001 г., главният град Андрос брои 1 508 жители, а целият остров 10 009. Административно-териториално о. Андрос е разделен на три [[дем]]а [[Андрос (дем)|Андрос]] (нас. 4 107), [[Кортиу]] (нас. 2 547) и [[Идруса (дем)|Идруса]] (нас. 3 355). Общата им площ е 380,041 км². По-големите селища на острова са: Андрос, Гаврио, Баци и Ормос Кортиу.
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The island is famous for its Sariza spring at Apoikia where the water comes out of a lionhead.
The north of Andros has a small [[Arvanite]] community, and an [[Arbëresh]] village in Sicily called [[Piana degli Albanesi]] is named 'Hora' in [[Arbëresh language|Arbëresh]], possibly after the capital of Andros, also called Hora (Χώρα). The name of the island in [[Arvanitika]] is Ε̰νdρα, Ëndra.<ref>Jochalas, Titos P. (1971): Über die Einwanderung der Albaner in Griechenland: Eine zusammenfassene Betrachtung ["On the immigration of Albanians to Greece: A summary"]. München: Trofenik.</ref>
Palaeopolis, the ancient capital, built into a steep hillside, and its harbor's breakwater can still be seen underwater.
==History==
The island in ancient times contained an [[Ionia]]n population, perhaps with an admixture of [[Thrace|Thracian]] blood. Though originally dependent on [[Eretria]], by the 7th century BC it had become sufficiently prosperous to send out several colonies, to [[Chalcidice]] ([[Acanthus (Greece)|Acanthus]], [[Stageira]], [[Argilus]], [[Sane (Chalcidice)|Sane]]). The ruins of [[Paleopolis, Andros|Palaeopolis]], the ancient capital, are on the west coast; the town possessed a famous temple, dedicated to [[Dionysus]].In 480 BC it supplied ships to [[Xerxes I|Xerxes]] and was subsequently harried by the Greek fleet. Though enrolled in the [[Delian League]] it remained disaffected towards [[Classical_Athens|Athens]], and in 477 had to be coerced by the establishment of a [[cleruchy]] on the island; nevertheless, in 411 Andros proclaimed its freedom, and in 408 withstood an Athenian attack. As a member of the second Delian League it was again controlled by a garrison and an [[archon]]. In the [[Hellenistic]] period Andros was contended for as a frontier-post by the two naval powers of the [[Aegean Sea]], [[Macedon]] and [[Ptolemaic Egypt]]. In 333 it received a Macedonian garrison from [[Antipater]]; in 308 it was freed by [[Ptolemy I of Egypt]]. In the [[Chremonidean War]] (266-263) it passed again to Macedon after a [[Battle of Andros|battle]] fought off its shores. In 200 it was captured by a combined [[Roman Republic|Roman]], [[Pergamum|Pergamene]] and [[Rhodes|Rhodian]] fleet, and remained a possession of [[Pergamum]] until the dissolution of that kingdom in 133 BC. Before falling under [[Turkey|Turkish]] rule, Andros was from A.D. 1207 till 1566 governed by the families [[Zeno]] and [[Sommariva]] under [[Venice|Venetian]] protection. After a few centuries, Cyclades joined the rest of [[Greece]] in 1821.
On May 10, 1821, [[Theophilos Kairis]], one of the leading intellectuals of the Greek Revolution, declared the War of Independence by raising the Greek flag at the picturesque cliffside church of St George: at this time, a famous heartfelt speech, or "rhetoras", inspired shipowners and merchants to contribute funds to build a Greek Navy to combat the Ottomans.
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== Деми ==
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
|- bgcolor="#efefef"
! Деми !! Седалище !! Пощенски код !! Тел. код ((0)30-)
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| [[Андрос (дем)|Андрос]] || Андрос || 845 00 || 22820-2 или -5
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| [[Идруса (дем)|Идруса]] || [[Гаврио]] || 845 01 || 22820-7
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| [[Кортиу]] || [[Ормос Кортиу]] || 845 02 || 22820-6
|}
== Личности ==
</gallery></center>
[[Категория:ОстровиАндрос| на Гърция]]
[[Категория:Циклади]]
[[ar:أندروس]]
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