Старогръцка граматика (таблици): Разлика между версии

=== Съществителни имена ===

==== Първо склонение ====

| '''Именителен падеж''' || νενίας || νεανία || νεανίαι || {{Polytonic|Ἀτρείδης}} || {{Polytonic|Ἀτρείδα}} || {{Polytonic|Ἀτρεῖδαι}} || στρατιώτης || στρατιώτα || στρατιῶται

| '''Родителен падеж''' || νεανίου || νεανίαιν || {{Polytonic|νεανιῶν}} || {{Polytonic|Ἀτρείδου}} || {{Polytonic|Ἀτρείδαιν}} || {{Polytonic|Ἀτρειδῶν}} || στρατιώτου || στρατιώταιν || {{Polytonic|στρατιωτῶν}}

| '''Дателен падеж''' || {{Polytonic|νεανίᾳ}} || νεανίαιν || νεανίαις || {{Polytonic|Ἀτρείδῃ}} || {{Polytonic|Ἀτρείδαιν}} || {{Polytonic|Ἀτρείδαις}} || {{Polytonic|στρατιώτῃ}} || στρατιώταιν || στρατιώταις

| '''Винителен падеж''' || νεανίαν || νεανία || νεανίας || {{Polytonic|Ἀτρείδην}} || {{Polytonic|Ἀτρείδα}} || {{Polytonic|Ἀτρείδας}} || στρατιώτην || στρατιώτα || στρατιώτας

===== Съществителни имена, завършващи на -ᾱ и -ᾰ (gen. -ᾱς) =====

| '''Родителен''' || πολιτείας || πολιτείαιν || {{Polytonic|πολιτειῶν}} || {{Polytonic|στρατιᾶς}} || {{Polytonic|στρατιαῖν}} || {{Polytonic|στρατιῶν}} || {{Polytonic|ἀληθείας}} || {{Polytonic|άληθείαιν}} || {{Polytonic|άληθειῶν}}

| '''Дателен''' || {{Polytonic|πολιτείᾳ}} || πολιτείαιν || πολιτείαις || {{Polytonic|στρατιᾷ}} || {{Polytonic|στρατιαῖν}} || {{Polytonic|στρατιαῖς}} || {{Polytonic|ἀληθείᾳ}} || {{Polytonic|ἀληθείαιν}} || {{Polytonic|ἀληθείαις}}

| '''Винителен''' || πολιτείαν || πολιτεία || πολιτείας || στρατιάν || στρατιά || στρατιάς || {{Polytonic|ἀλήθειαν}} || {{Polytonic|ἀληθείᾱ}} || {{Polytonic|ἀληθείας}}

===== Съществителни имена, завършващи на -ᾰ (alpha impurum) и -η (gen. -ης) =====

| '''Именителен''' || {{Polytonic|γλῶσσα}} || {{Polytonic|γλώσσᾱ}} || {{Polytonic|γλῶσσαι}} || {{Polytonic|κώμη}} || {{Polytonic|κώμᾱ}} || {{Polytonic|κῶμαι}}

| '''Родителен''' || γλώσσης || γλώσσαιν || {{Polytonic|γλωσσῶν}} || {{Polytonic|κώμης}} || {{Polytonic|κώμαιν}} || {{Polytonic|κωμῶν}}

| '''Дателен''' || {{Polytonic|γλώσσῃ}} || γλώσσαιν || γλώσσαις || κώμῃ || κώμαιν || κώμαις

| '''Винителен''' || {{Polytonic|γλῶσσαν}} || {{Polytonic|γλώσσᾱ}} || γλώσσας || κώμην || {{Polytonic|κώμᾱ}} || κώμας

| '''Звателен''' || {{Polytonic|γλῶσσα}} || {{Polytonic|γλώσσᾱ}} || {{Polytonic|γλῶσσαι}} || κώμη || κώμα || {{Polytonic|κῶμαι}}

==== Второ склонение ====

| '''Именителен''' || {{Polytonic|ἄνθρωπος}} || {{Polytonic|ἀνθρώπω}} || {{Polytonic|ἄνθρωποι}} || {{Polytonic|ὁδὸς}} || {{Polytonic|ὁδὼ}} || {{Polytonic|ὁδοὶ}} || {{Polytonic|δῶρον}} || {{Polytonic|δώρω}} || {{Polytonic|δῶρα}}

| '''Родителен''' || {{Polytonic|ἀνθρώπου}} || {{Polytonic|ἀνθρώποιν}} || {{Polytonic|ἀνθρώπων}} || {{Polytonic|ὁδοῦ}} || {{Polytonic|ὁδοῖν}} || {{Polytonic|ὁδῶν}} || {{Polytonic|δώρου}} || {{Polytonic|δώροιν}} || {{Polytonic|δώρων}}

| '''Дателен''' || {{Polytonic|ἀνθρώπῳ}} || {{Polytonic|ἀνθρώποιν}} || {{Polytonic|ἀνθρώποις}} || {{Polytonic|ὁδῷ}} || {{Polytonic|ὁδοῖν}} || {{Polytonic|ὁδοῖς}} || {{Polytonic|δώρῳ}} || {{Polytonic|δώροιν}} || {{Polytonic|δώροις}}

| '''Винителен''' || {{Polytonic|ἄνθρωπον}} || {{Polytonic|ἀνθρώπω}} || {{Polytonic|ἀνθρώπους}} || {{Polytonic|ὁδὸν}} || {{Polytonic|ὁδὼ}} || {{Polytonic|ὁδοὺς}} || {{Polytonic|δῶρον}} || {{Polytonic|δώρω}} || {{Polytonic|δῶρα}}

===== Контрахиращи съществителни имена =====

| '''Именителен''' || περίπλους || περίπλω || περίπλοι || {{Polytonic|ὀστοῦν}} || {{Polytonic|ὀστὼ}} || {{Polytonic|ὀστᾶ}}

| '''Родителен''' || περίπλου || περίπλοιν || περίπλων || {{Polytonic|ὀστοῦ}} || {{Polytonic|ὀστοῖν}} || {{Polytonic|ὀστῶν}}

| '''Дателен''' || {{Polytonic|περίπλῳ}} || περίπλοιν || περίπλοις || {{Polytonic|ὀστῷ}} || {{Polytonic|ὀστοῖν}} || {{Polytonic|ὀστοῖς }}

| '''Винителен''' || περίπλουν || περίπλω || περίπλους || {{Polytonic|ὀστοῦν}} || {{Polytonic|ὀστὼ}} || {{Polytonic|ὀστᾶ}}

| '''Звателен''' || περίπλου || περίπλω || περίπλοι || ὀστοῦν || {{Polytonic|ὀστὼ}} || {{Polytonic|ὀστᾶ}}

===== Атическо второ склонение =====

| '''Именителен''' || {{Polytonic|λεὼς}} || {{Polytonic|λεὼ}} || {{Polytonic|λεῲ}} || {{Polytonic|ἅλως}} || {{Polytonic|ἅλω}} || {{Polytonic|ἅλῳ}} || {{Polytonic|ἀνώγεων}} || {{Polytonic|ἀνώγεω}} || {{Polytonic|ἀνώγεω}}

| '''Родителен''' || {{Polytonic|λεὼ}} || {{Polytonic|λεῲν}} || {{Polytonic|λεὼν}} || {{Polytonic|ἅλω}} || {{Polytonic|ἅλῳν}} || {{Polytonic|ἅλων}} || {{Polytonic|ἀνώγεω}} || {{Polytonic|ἀνώγεῳν}} || {{Polytonic|ἀνώγεω}}

| '''Дателен''' || {{Polytonic|λεῲ}} || {{Polytonic|λεῲν}} || {{Polytonic|λεῲς}} || {{Polytonic|ἅλῳ}} || {{Polytonic|ἅλῳν}} || {{Polytonic|ἅλῳς}} || {{Polytonic|ἀνώγεῳ}} || {{Polytonic|ἀνώγεῳν}} || {{Polytonic|ἀνώγεῳς}}

| '''Винителен''' || {{Polytonic|λεὼν}} || {{Polytonic|λεὼ}} || {{Polytonic|λεὼς}} || {{Polytonic|ἅλω}}(ν) || {{Polytonic|ἅλω}} || {{Polytonic|ἅλως}} || {{Polytonic|ἀνώγεων}} || {{Polytonic|ἀνώγεω}} || {{Polytonic|ἀνώγεω}}

==== Трето склонение ====

===== Основи на гласна на -ως (род.п. -ωος) =====

| '''Именителен''' || {{Polytonic|ἥρως}} || {{Polytonic|ἥρωε}} || {{Polytonic|ἥρωες}} || {{Polytonic|Τρὼς}} || {{Polytonic|Τρῶε}} || {{Polytonic|Τρῶες}}

| '''Родителен''' || {{Polytonic|ἥρωος}} || {{Polytonic|ἡρώοιν}} || {{Polytonic|ἡρώων}} || {{Polytonic|Τρωὸς}} || {{Polytonic|Τρώοιν}} || {{Polytonic|Τρώων}}

| '''Дателен''' || {{Polytonic|ἥρωι}} || {{Polytonic|ἡρώοιν}} || {{Polytonic|ἥρωσι}} || {{Polytonic|Τρωὶ}} || {{Polytonic|Τρώοιν}} || {{Polytonic|Τρωσὶ }}

| '''Винителен''' || {{Polytonic|ἥρωα}} || {{Polytonic|ἥρωε}} || {{Polytonic|ἥρωας}} || {{Polytonic|Τρῶα}} || {{Polytonic|Τρῶε}} || {{Polytonic|Τρῶας}}

| '''Звателен''' || {{Polytonic|ἥρως}} || {{Polytonic|ἥρωε}} || {{Polytonic|ἥρωες}} || {{Polytonic|Τρὼς}} || {{Polytonic|Τρῶε}} || {{Polytonic|Τρῶες}}

===== Основи на гласна на -υς (род.п. -υος) =====

| '''Именителен''' || {{Polytonic|ἰχθὺς}} || {{Polytonic|ἰχθὺε}} || {{Polytonic|ἰχθύες}} || {{Polytonic|δρῦς}} || {{Polytonic|δρύε}} || {{Polytonic|δρύες}}

| '''Родителен''' || {{Polytonic|ἰχθύος}} || {{Polytonic|ἰχθύοιν}} || {{Polytonic|ἰχθύων}} || {{Polytonic|δυὸς}} || {{Polytonic|δρυοῖν}} || {{Polytonic|δρυῶν}}

| '''Дателен''' || {{Polytonic|ἰχθύϊ}} || {{Polytonic|ἰχθύοιν}} || {{Polytonic|ἰχθύσι}} || {{Polytonic|δρυῒ}} || {{Polytonic|δρυοῖν}} || {{Polytonic|δρυσὶ}}

| '''Винителен''' || {{Polytonic|ἰχθὺν}} || {{Polytonic|ἰχθύε}} || {{Polytonic|ἰχθῦς}} || {{Polytonic|δρῦν}} || {{Polytonic|δρύε}} || {{Polytonic|δρῦς}}

| '''Звателен''' || {{Polytonic|ἰχθὺ}} || {{Polytonic|ἰχθύε}} || {{Polytonic|ἰχθύες}} || {{Polytonic|δρῦ}} || {{Polytonic|δρύε}} || {{Polytonic|δρύες}}

===== С две основи =====

| '''Именителен''' || {{Polytonic|πόλις}} || {{Polytonic|πόλει}} || {{Polytonic|πόλεις}} || {{Polytonic|πέλεκυς}} || {{Polytonic|πελέκει}} || {{Polytonic|πελέκεις}} || {{Polytonic|ἄστυ}} || {{Polytonic|ἄστει}} || {{Polytonic|ἄστη}}

| '''Родителен''' || {{Polytonic|πόλεως}} || {{Polytonic|πολέοιν}} || {{Polytonic|πόλεων}} || {{Polytonic|πελέκεως}} || {{Polytonic|πελεκέοιν}} || {{Polytonic|πελέκεων}} || {{Polytonic|ἄστεως}} || {{Polytonic|ἀστέοιν}} || {{Polytonic|ἄστεων}}

| '''Дателен''' || {{Polytonic|πόλει}} || {{Polytonic|πολέοιν}} || {{Polytonic|πόλεσι}} || {{Polytonic|πελέκει}} || {{Polytonic|πελεκέοιν}} || {{Polytonic|πελέκεσι}} || {{Polytonic|ἄστει}} || {{Polytonic|ἀστέοιν}} || {{Polytonic|ἄστεσι}}

| '''Винителен''' || {{Polytonic|πόλιν}} || {{Polytonic|πόλει}} || {{Polytonic|πόλεις}} || {{Polytonic|πέλεκυν}} || {{Polytonic|πελέκει}} || {{Polytonic|πελέκεις}} || {{Polytonic|ἄστυ}} || {{Polytonic|ἄστει}} || {{Polytonic|ἄστη}}

===== Основи на гласна на -εύς, -{{Polytonic|οῦς}} и -{{Polytonic|αῦς}} =====

| '''Именителен''' || {{Polytonic|βασιλεὺς}} || {{Polytonic|βασιλεῖ}} || {{Polytonic|βασιλεῖς}} || {{Polytonic|βοῦς}} || {{Polytonic|βόε}} || {{Polytonic|βόες}} || {{Polytonic|γραῦς}} || {{Polytonic|γρᾶε}} || {{Polytonic|γρᾶες}}

| '''Родителен''' || {{Polytonic|βασιλέως}} || {{Polytonic|βασιλέοιν}} || {{Polytonic|βασιλέων}} || {{Polytonic|βοὸς}} || {{Polytonic|βοοῖν}} || {{Polytonic|βοῶν}} || {{Polytonic|γραὸς}} || {{Polytonic|γραοῖν}} || {{Polytonic|γραῶν}}

| '''Дателен''' || {{Polytonic|βασιλεῖ}} || {{Polytonic|βασιλέοιν}} || {{Polytonic|βασιλεῦσι}} || {{Polytonic|βοῒ}} || {{Polytonic|βοοῖν}} || {{Polytonic|βουσὶ}} || {{Polytonic|γραῒ}} || {{Polytonic|γραοῖν}} || {{Polytonic|γραυσὶ}}

| '''Винителен''' || {{Polytonic|βασιλέα}} || {{Polytonic|βασιλεῖ}} || {{Polytonic|βασιλέας}} || {{Polytonic|βοῦν}} || {{Polytonic|βόε}} || {{Polytonic|βοῦς}} || {{Polytonic|γραῦν}} || {{Polytonic|γρᾶε}} || {{Polytonic|γραῦς}}

''Имената "βοῦς"„βοῦς“ и "γραῦς"„γραῦς“ са уникални''

===== Основи на съгласна на (κ, π, τ) =====

| '''Родителен''' || κόρακος || κοράκοιν || κοράκων || {{Polytonic|γυπὸς}} || {{Polytonic|γυποῖν}} || {{Polytonic|γυπῶν}} || τάπητος || ταπήτοιν || ταπήτων

===== Основи на съгласна -ντ и на -μα =====

===== Основи на назална съгласна без промяна на гласната в основата =====

| '''Именителен''' || {{Polytonic|Ἕλλην}} || {{Polytonic|Ἕλληνε}} || {{Polytonic|Ἕλληνες}} || {{Polytonic|χειμὼν}} || {{Polytonic|χειμῶνε}} || {{Polytonic|χειμῶνες}} || {{Polytonic|ἀκτὶς}} || {{Polytonic|ἀκτῖνε}} || {{Polytonic|ἀκτῖνες}}

| '''Родителен''' || {{Polytonic|Ἕλληνος}} || {{Polytonic|Ἑλλήνοιν}} || {{Polytonic|Ἑλλήνων}} || {{Polytonic|χειμῶνος}} || {{Polytonic|χειμώνοιν}} || {{Polytonic|χειμώνων}} || {{Polytonic|ἀκτῖνος}} || {{Polytonic|ἀκτίνοιν}} || {{Polytonic|ἀκτίνων}}

| '''Дателен''' || {{Polytonic|Ἕλληνι}} || {{Polytonic|Ἑλλήνοιν}} || {{Polytonic|Ἑλλησι}} || {{Polytonic|χειμῶνι}} || {{Polytonic|χειμώνοιν}} || {{Polytonic|χειμῶσι}} || {{Polytonic|ἀκτῖνι}} || {{Polytonic|ἀκτίνοιν}} || {{Polytonic|ἀκτῖσι}}

| '''Винителен''' || {{Polytonic|Ἕλληνα}} || {{Polytonic|Ἕλληνε}} || {{Polytonic|Ἕλληνας}} || {{Polytonic|χειμῶνα}} || {{Polytonic|χειμῶνε}} || {{Polytonic|χειμῶνας}} || {{Polytonic|ἀκτῖνα}} || {{Polytonic|ἀκτῖνε}} || {{Polytonic|ἀκτῖνας}}

===== Основи на назална съгласна с промяна на гласната в основата =====

| '''Родителен''' || ποιμένος || ποιμένοιν || ποιμένων || ἡγεμόνος || ἡγεμόνοιν || ἡγεμόνων || γείτονος || γειτόνοιν || γειτόνων

| '''Дателен''' || ποιμένι || ποιμένοιν || ποιμέσι || {{Polytonic|ἡγεμόνι}} || {{Polytonic|ἡγεμόνοιν}} || {{Polytonic|ἡγεμόσι}} || γείτονι || γειτόνοιν || γείτοσι

| '''Винителен''' || ποιμένα || ποιμένε || ποιμένας || ἡγεμόνα || ἡγεμόνε || ἡγεμόνας || γείτονα || γείτονε || γείτονας

===== Основи на ликвидна съгласна =====

| '''Звателен''' || κλητὴρ || κλητήρε || κλητῆρες || ἀθὴρ || ἀθέρε || ἀθέρες || ῥῆτορ || ῥήτορε || ῥήτορες

| '''Именителен''' || πατὴρ || πατέρε || πατέρες || ἀνὴρ || ἄνδρε || ἄνδρες || Δημήτηρ

| '''Родителен''' || πατρὸς || πατέροιν || πατέρων || ἀνδρὸς || ἀνδροῖν || ἀνδρῶν || Δήμητρος

| '''Дателен''' || πατρὶ || πατέροιν || πατράσι || ἀνδρὶ || ἀνδροῖν || ἀνδράσι || Δήμητρι

| '''Винителен''' || πατέρα || πατέρε || πατέρας || ἄνδρα || ἄνδρε || ἄνδρας || Δήμητρα

| '''Звателен''' || πάτερ || πατέρε || πατέρες || ἄνερ || ἄνδρε || ἄνδρες || Δήμητερ

===== Лични имена с основа на сигма =====

| '''Именителен''' || Σωκράτης || Σωκράται || Περικλῆς || Περικλεῖς

| '''Родителен''' || Σωκράτους || Σωκρατῶν || Περικλέους || Περικλέων

| '''Дателен''' || Σωκράτει || Σωκράταις || Περικλεῖ || -

| '''Винителен''' || Σωκράτη || Σωκράτας || Περικλέα || Περικλεῖς

| '''Звателен''' || Σώκρατες || Σωκράται || Περίκλεις || Περικλεῖς

===== Основи на сигма =====

| '''Именителен''' || {{Polytonic|βέλος}} || {{Polytonic|βέλει}} || {{Polytonic|βέλη}} || {{Polytonic|ἔδαφος}} || {{Polytonic|ἐδάφει}} || {{Polytonic|ἐδάφη}} || {{Polytonic|αἰδὼς}}

=== Прилагателни ===

==== Второ склонение ====

===== С различни форми за трите рода =====

| '''Родителен''' || σοφοῦ<br /> ''etc''. || σοφοῖν<br /> ''etc''. || σοφῶν<br /> ''etc''. || σοφῆς<br /> ''etc''. || σοφαῖν<br /> ''etc''. || σοφῶν<br /> ''etc''. || σοφοῦ<br /> ''etc''. || σοφοῖν<br /> ''etc''. || σοφῶν<br /> ''etc''.

===== С две форми за трите рода =====

| '''Именителен''' || ἄφθονος || ἀφθόνω || ἄφθονοι || ἄφθονον || ἀφθόνω|| ἄφθονα

| '''Родителен''' || ἀφθόνου<br /> ''etc''. || ἀφθόνοιν<br /> ''etc''. || ἀφθόνων<br /> ''etc''. || ἀφθόνου<br /> ''etc''. || ἀφθόνοιν<br /> ''etc''. || ἀφθόνοιν<br /> ''etc''.

==== Трето склонение ====

===== Основи на гласна =====

| '''Именителен''' || βαθὺς || βαθεῖ || βαθεῖς || βαθεῖα || βαθεία || βαθεῖαι || βαθὺ || βαθεῖ || βαθέα

| '''Родителен''' || βαθέος || βαθέοιν || βαθέων || βαθείας || βαθείαιν || βαθειῶν || βαθέος || βαθέοιν || βαθέων

| '''Дателен''' || βαθεῖ || βαθέοιν || βαθέσι || βαθείᾳ || βαθείαιν || βαθείαις || βαθεῖ || βαθέοιν || βαθέσι

| '''Винителен''' || βαθὺν || βαθεῖ || βαθεῖς || βαθεῖαν || βαθεία || βαθείας || βαθὺ || βαθεῖ || βαθέα

== Спрежение ==

=== Глаголът "„{{Polytonic|εἰμί}}"“ ===

=== Примерен глагол ===

==== Активен залог ====

| {{Polytonic|λῦσαι}}

==== Медиален залог ====

==== Пасивен залог ====

=== Форми на глаголите с глаголна основа на съгласна (verba muta) ===

=== Втори (тематичен) аорист ===

=== Контрахирани глаголи ===

==== Глаголи на -όω ====