Население на Германия: Разлика между версии
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м унифициране на раздел Вижте още към Вижте също |
Редакция без резюме |
||
Ред 1:
{{Обработка}}
[[Файл:Germany population.svg|мини|дясно|350п|Численост на [[население]]то в Германия след 1950 г.]]
'''Населението''' на '''[[Германия]]''' през [[2009]] година е 82 314 900 души, което я прави втората по население страна в [[Европа]] след [[Русия]]. Гъстотата на населението е 228,9 души на км<sup>2</sup>, естественият прираст е -2,1‰ годишно. Средната продължителност на живота при [[мъж]]ете е 74 години, а при [[жена|жените]] – 80 години.
== Численост на населението ==
{{Обработка-раздел}}
[[Файл:Population of German territories 1800 - 2000.JPG|мини|дясно|350п|Численост на населението в германските територии в периода 1800 – 2000 г.]]
{| frame="box" rules="all" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2px"
! colspan="10" | Динамика на населението
Line 67 ⟶ 60:
* [[2010]] – 81 757 600
== Възрастова структура ==
{{Обработка-раздел}}
[[Файл:Population pyramid of Germany 2016.png|мини|350п|Възрастова структура на населението през 2016 г.]]
([[2007]])
* 0 – 14 години: 13,9% ([[мъж]]е 5 894 724/[[жени]] 5 590 373)
* 15 – 64 години: 66,3% (мъже 27 811 357/жени 26 790 222)
Line 77 ⟶ 71:
* 15 – 64 години: 66,1% (мъже 27 707 761/жени 26 676 759)
* над 65 години: 20,3% (мъже 7 004 805/жени 9 701 551)
== Прираст на населението ==
=== Естествен прираст ===
{{Основна|Раждаемост в Германия}}
[[Файл:Bevoelkerungsentwicklung deutschland.png|мини|350п|Динамика на [[раждаемост]]та (''в синьо'') и [[смъртност]]та (''в зелено'') в периода 1946 – 2006 г.]]
[[Файл:Fertilität Deutschland.png |мини|350п|[[Коефициент на плодовитост|Тотален коефициент на плодовитост]] по окръзи и градове според оценки на [[Федерална статистическа служба (Германия)|Федералната статистическа служба]] през 2009 г.]]
[[Естествен прираст]] на населението след 1900 г.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.destatis.de/jetspeed/portal/cms/Sites/destatis/Internet/DE/Navigation/Statistiken/Bevoelkerung/GeburtenSterbefaelle/GeburtenSterbefaelle.psml|title=Startseite - Statistisches Bundesamt (Destatis)|work=destatis.de|accessdate=23 October 2015}}</ref> През 2015 г. коефициентът на плодовитост се покачва на над 1,5 за първи път от 30 години. <ref>[http://m.spiegel.de/gesundheit/schwangerschaft/a-1130799.html Deutschland verliert Großfamilien], Spiegel.de, 20 януари 2017</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto" style="text-align:right;"
|- bgcolor="#eaecf0" valign=top
| rowspan="2"| || rowspan="2" align="center"|Численост<br> на<br> населението || rowspan="2" align="center"|Численост<br> на<br> живородените || rowspan="2" align="center"|Численост<br> на<br> починалите || rowspan="2" align="center"|Естествен<br> прираст || rowspan="2" align="center"|Коефициент<br> на<br> [[раждаемост]]<br> (в ‰) || rowspan="2" align="center"|Коефициент<br> на<br> [[смъртност]]<br> (в ‰) || rowspan="2" align="center"|Коефициент на<br> естествен<br> прираст<br> (в ‰) || colspan="3" align="center"|[[Коефициент на плодовитост|Тотален<br> коефициент<br> на плодовитост]]
|- bgcolor="#eaecf0" valign=top
| Общо за<br>Германия || (Бивша)<br>[[Западна Германия|ФРГ]] || [[Германска демократична република|ГДР]]
|-
| 1900
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 4.93
|-
| 1901
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 4.88
|-
| 1902
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 4.82
|-
| 1903
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 4.77
|-
| 1904
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 4.68
|-
| 1905
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 4.60
|-
| 1906
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 4.51
|-
| 1907
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 4.43
|-
| 1908
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 4.34
|-
| 1909
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 4.18
|-
| 1910
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 4.01
|-
| 1911
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.85
|-
| 1912
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.68
|-
| 1913
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.52
|-
| 1914
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.27
|-
| 1915
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.02
|-
| 1916
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.76
|-
| 1917
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.51
|-
| 1918
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.26
|-
| 1919
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.33
|-
| 1920
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.40
|-
| 1921
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.48
|-
| 1922
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.55
|-
| 1923
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.62
|-
| 1924
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.42
|-
| 1925
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.21
|-
| 1926
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.10
|-
| 1927
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.98
|-
| 1928
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.99
|-
| 1929
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;| 1.93
|-
| 1930
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.88
|-
| 1931
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.71
|-
| 1932
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.62
|-
| 1933
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.58
|-
| 1934
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.93
|-
| 1935
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 2.03
|-
| 1936
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 2.07
|-
| 1937
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 2.09
|-
| 1938
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.25
|-
| 1939
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.39
|-
| 1940
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.40
|-
| 1941
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.25
|-
| 1942
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.83
|-
| 1943
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 2.00
|-
| 1944
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.89
|-
| 1945
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.53
|-
| 1946
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.65
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;|
|-
| 1947
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.92
| style="text-align:right;"| 2.01
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.75
|-
| 1948
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.96
| style="text-align:right;"| 2.07
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.76
|-
| 1949
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.11
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.14
| style="text-align:right;"| 2.03
|-
| 1950
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.10
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.35
|-
| 1951
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 2.06
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.46
|-
| 1952
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 2.08
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.42
|-
| 1953
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 2.07
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.40
|-
| 1954
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.12
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.38
|-
| 1955
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.11
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.38
|-
| 1956
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.19
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.30
|-
| 1957
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.28
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.24
|-
| 1958
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.29
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.22
|-
| 1959
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.34
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.37
|-
| 1960
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.37
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.35
|-
| 1961
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.47
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.42
|-
| 1962
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.45
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.42
|-
| 1963
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.52
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.47
|-
| 1964
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.55
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.48
|-
| 1965
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.51
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.48
|-
| 1966
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.54
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.43
|-
| 1967
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.54
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.34
|-
| 1968
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.39
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.30
|-
| 1969
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.20
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.24
|-
| 1970
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.99
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.19
|-
| 1971
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.92
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.13
|-
| 1972
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.72
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.79
|-
| 1973
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.54
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.58
|-
| 1974
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.51
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.54
|-
| 1975
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.45
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.54
|-
| 1976
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.46
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.64
|-
| 1977
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.40
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.85
|-
| 1978
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.38
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.90
|-
| 1979
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.39
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.90
|-
| 1980
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.44
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.94
|-
| 1981
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.43
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.85
|-
| 1982
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.41
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.86
|-
| 1983
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.33
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.79
|-
| 1984
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.29
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.74
|-
| 1985
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:red;"| 1.28
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.73
|-
| 1986
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.34
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.70
|-
| 1987
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.37
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.74
|-
| 1988
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.41
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.67
|-
| 1989
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.39
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.56
|-
| 1990
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.450
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.518
|-
| 1991
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.422
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.977
|-
| 1992
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.402
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.830
|-
| 1993
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.393
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.775
|-
| 1994
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.347
| style="text-align:right; color:red;"| 0.772
|-
| 1995
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.339
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.838
|-
| 1996
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.396
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.948
|-
| 1997
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.441
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.039
|-
| 1998
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.413
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.087
|-
| 1999
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.406
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.148
|-
| 2000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.413
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.214
|-
| 2001
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.382
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.231
|-
| 2002
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.371
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.238
|-
| 2003
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.364
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.264
|-
| 2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.372
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.307
|-
| 2005
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.355
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.295
|-
| 2006
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.341
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.303
|-
| 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.375
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.366
|-
| 2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.374
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.404
|-
| 2009
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.353
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.404
|-
| 2010
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.393
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.385
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.459
|-
| 2011
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.38
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.46
|-
| 2012
| style="text-align:right;"| 80 399 000
| style="text-align:right;"| 673 544
| style="text-align:right;"| 869 582
| style="color:red; text-align:right;"| -196 038
| style="text-align:right;"| 8.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 10.8
| style="text-align:right; color:red;"| -2.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.406
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.40
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.48
|-
| 2013
| style="text-align:right;"| 80 767 000
| style="text-align:right;"| 682 069
| style="text-align:right;"| 893 825
| style="color:red; text-align:right;"| -211 756
| style="text-align:right;"| 8.5
| style="text-align:right;"| 11.1
| style="text-align:right; color:red;"| -2.6
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.419
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.41
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.49
|-
| 2014
| style="text-align:right;"| 81 198 000
| style="text-align:right;"| 714 927
| style="text-align:right;"| 868 356
| style="color:red; text-align:right;"| -153 429
| style="text-align:right;"| 8.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 10.7
| style="text-align:right; color:red;"| -1.9
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.47
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.47
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.54
|-
| 2015
| style="text-align:right;"| 82 175 700
| style="text-align:right;"| 737 575
| style="text-align:right;"| 925 200
| style="color:red; text-align:right;"| -187 625
| style="text-align:right;"| 9.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 11.3
| style="text-align:right; color:red;"| -2.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.50
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.50
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.56
|-
| 2016
| style="text-align:right;"| 82 521 700
| style="text-align:right;"| 792 141
| style="text-align:right;"| 910 902
| style="color:red; text-align:right;"| -118 761
| style="text-align:right;"| 9.6
| style="text-align:right;"| 11.0
| style="text-align:right; color:red;"| -1.4
| style="text-align:right;"|1.59
| style="text-align:right;"|1.60
| style="text-align:right;"|1.64
|-
| 2017
| style="text-align:right;"| 82 792 400
| style="text-align:right;"| 784 901
| style="text-align:right;"| 932 272
| style="color:red; text-align:right;"| -147 371
| style="text-align:right;"| 9.5
| style="text-align:right;"| 11.3
| style="text-align:right; color:red;"| -1.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.57
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.58
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.61
|-
| 2018
| style="text-align:right;"| 83 000 000
| style="text-align:right;"| 787 541
| style="text-align:right;"| 954 897
| style="color:red; text-align:right;"| -167,356
| style="text-align:right;"| 9.5
| style="text-align:right;"| 11.5
| style="text-align:right; color:red;"| -2.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.57
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
|}
=== Механичен прираст ===
{{Обработка-раздел}}
{{основна|Имиграция в Германия}}
Line 1209 ⟶ 1462:
== Етнически състав ==
{{Обработка-раздел}}
82 210 894 ([[2007]])
Line 1229 ⟶ 1483:
</ref>
==
{{Раздел-мъниче}}
Официален език в [[Германия]] е [[немски език|немският]].
== Вероизповедания ==
{{основна|
Мнозинството от населението на страната са [[християни]] – 64,2% (31,4% – [[католици]], 30,8% – [[протестанти]], 2% – [[православие|православни]]), следват: [[атеисти]] – 29,6%, [[мюсюлмани]] – 4% и други.
Line 1243 ⟶ 1498:
== Източници ==
<references/>
== Външни препратки ==
{{Commonscat-inline|Demographics of Germany|населението на Германия}}
* {{Икона|bg}} [https://countrymeters.info/bg/Germany Актуални данни за настоящо население, раждаемост, смъртност и миграция на населението в Германия] според Countrymeters
{{Европа-модел|Население на|Население на страните в Европа}}
|