Резюме

ОписаниеFlammarionWoodcut.jpg	English: The Flammarion engraving is a wood engraving by an unknown artist that first appeared in Camille Flammarion's L'atmosphère: météorologie populaire (1888). The image depicts a man crawling under the edge of the sky, depicted as if it were a solid hemisphere, to look at the mysterious Empyrean beyond. The caption translates to "A medieval missionary tells that he has found the point where heaven and Earth meet..."
Дата	1888
Източник	Camille Flammarion, L'Atmosphere: Météorologie Populaire (Paris, 1888), pp. 163
Автор	AnonymousUnknown author
Права (Повторно използване на файла)	Това е вярно фотографско възпроизвеждане на двуизмерно произведение на изкуството, което е обществено достояние. Самото произведение на изкуството е обществено достояние поради следната причина: Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse Това произведение е обществено достояние в държавите, в които срокът на авторското право е 100 години или по-малко след смъртта на автора. You must also include a United States public domain tag to indicate why this work is in the public domain in the United States. This file has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/PDMCreative Commons Public Domain Mark 1.0falsefalse Официалната позиция e направена от Фондацията на Уикимедия, че "верните копия на двуизмерни произведения на обществено достояние на изкуството са обществено достояние". Това фотографско възпроизвеждане се счита за обществено достояние в Съединените щати. В други юрисдикции повторното използване на това съдържание може да бъде ограничено; За повече подробности вижте Повторно използване на PD-Art фотографии.
други версии	Other scan, without the original caption Cropped and cleaned version Recoloured (1998) Recoloured (2015) With transparency

Лицензиране

Additional Information

Camille Flammarion, L'Atmosphere: Météorologie Populaire (Paris, 1888), p. 163.

The Flammarion Woodcut is an enigmatic woodcut by an unknown artist. It is referred to as the Flammarion Woodcut because its first documented appearance is in page 163 of Camille Flammarion's L'atmosphère: météorologie populaire (Paris, 1888), a work on meteorology for a general audience. The woodcut depicts a man peering through the Earth's atmosphere as if it were a curtain to look at the inner workings of the universe.

The original caption bellow the picture translated to: "A medieval missionary (Bruno) tells that he has found the point where heaven and Earth meet...".

"Flat Earth"

"During the 19th century, the Romantic conception of a European "Dark Age" gave much more prominence to the Flat Earth model than it ever possessed historically. The widely circulated woodcut of a man poking his head through the firmament of a flat Earth to view the mechanics of the spheres, executed in the style of the 16th century cannot be traced to an earlier source than Camille Flammarion's L'Atmosphere: Météorologie Populaire (Paris, 1888, p. 163) [1]. The woodcut illustrates the statement in the text that a medieval missionary claimed that "he reached the horizon where the earth and the heavens met", an anecdote that may be traced back to Voltaire, but not to any known medieval source. In its original form, the woodcut included a decorative border that places it in the 19th century; in later publications, some claiming that the woodcut did, in fact, date to the 16th century, the border was removed. Flammarion, according to anecdotal evidence, had commissioned the woodcut himself. In any case, no source of the image earlier than Flammarion's book is known. (quote from Flat Earth)