Списък на темите в Анатомията на Грей: XI. Спланхнология
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Темите (235-278) по-долу са покрити в глава XI-та: Спланхнология от Анатомията на Грей (версия от 1918 г.)
- Apparatus Respiratorius; Дихателна система
- Respiratory apparatus: development of
- Гръклян
Cartilages of the larynx (cartilagines laryngis)
редактиране- Щитовиден хрущял (cartilago thyreoidea)
- Щитовиден хрущял (cartilago thyreoidea)
- Cricoid cartilage (cartilago cricoidea)
- posterior quadrate lamina (lamina cartilaginis cricoideæ; posterior portion)
- arch (arcus cartilaginis cricoideæ; anterior portion)
- Arytenoid cartilages (cartilagines arytænoideæ)
- Corniculate cartilages (cartilagines corniculatæ; cartilages of Santorini)
- Cuneiform cartilages (cartilagines cuneiformes; cartilages of Wrisberg)
- Epiglottis (cartilago epiglottica)
- glossoepiglottic folds
- valleculae
Ligaments
редактиране- Extrinsic Ligaments
- Hyothyroid membrane (membrana hyothyreoidea; thyrohyoid membrane)
- Extrinsic Ligaments
- middle hyothyroid ligament (ligamentum hyothyreoideum medium; middle thyrohyoid ligament)
- Lateral hyothyroid ligament (ligamentum hyothyreoideum laterale; lateral thyrohyoid ligament)
- hyoepiglottic ligament (ligamentum hyoepiglotticum)
- Cricotracheal ligament (ligamentum cricotracheale)
- Intrinsic Ligaments
- Intrinsic Ligaments
- Conus elasticus (cricothyroid membrane)
- anterior part or middle cricothyroid ligament (ligamentum cricothyreoideum medium; central part of cricothyroid membrane)
- posterior cricoarytenoid ligament (ligamentum cricoarytenoideum posterius)
- thyroepiglottic ligament (ligamentum thyreoepiglotticum)
Interior of the Larynx
редактиране- cavity of the larynx (cavum laryngis)
- entrance of the larynx
- Ventricular folds (plicœ ventriculares; superior or false vocal cords)
- Vocal folds (plicœ vocales; inferior or true vocal cords)
- vocal ligaments (ligamenta vocales; inferior thyroarytenoid)
- Ventricle of the larynx (ventriculus laryngis [Morgagnii]; laryngeal sinus)
- appendix of the laryngeal ventricle (appendix ventriculi laryngis; laryngeal saccule)
- Rima glottidis
Muscles
редактиране- Cricothyreoideus (Cricothyroid)
- Cricoarytænoideus posterior (posterior cricoarytenoid)
- Cricoarytænoideus lateralis (lateral cricoarytenoid)
- Arytænoideus
- Arytænoideus
- Thyreoarytænoideus (Thyroarytenoid)
Glands
редактиранеThe trachea and bronchi (Тема 237)
редактиране- Right bronchus (bronchus dexter)
- eparterial branch
- hyparterial branch
- Left bronchus (bronchus sinister)
- напречни влакна (Трахеен мускул)
The pleurae (Тема 238)
редактиране- плевра – по слой
- Отражения на плеврата
- Отражения на плеврата
- белодробна връзка (ligamentum pulmonale; ligamentum latum pulmonis)
- lower portion
- lower portion
The lungs (Тема 240)
редактиране- Apex pulmonis
- Basis pulmonis
- Surfaces
- costal surface (facies costalis; external or thoracic surface)
- Surfaces
- mediastinal surface (facies mediastinalis; inner surface)
- Borders
- Fissures and Lobes of the Lungs
- Fissures and Lobes of the Lungs
- Root of the lung (radix pulmonis)
- Divisions of the Bronchi
- Structure
- Structure
- Development of the Digestive tube
- Mouth
- Tongue
- Palatine tonsils
- Further Development of the Digestive tube
- Далечно развитие на храносмилателната система
- Далечно развитие на храносмилателната система
- Далечно развитие на храносмилателната система
- Правото черво и аналният канал
- Правото черво и аналният канал
- cavity of the mouth
- vestibule (vestibulum oris)
- цепка
- Mouth cavity proper (cavum oris proprium)
- isthmus faucium
- mucous membrane
- Lips (labia oris)
- frenulum
- Labial glands (glandulœ labiales)
- Бузи (buccæ)
- лигавица
- molar glands
- Венци (gingivœ)
- Небце (palatum)
- Hard palate (palatum durum)
- Soft palate (palatum molle)
- palatine velum
- palatine uvula
- pillars of the fauces
Зъб (dentes)
редактиране- Permanent teeth (dentes permanentes)
- Incisors (dentes incisivi; incisive or cutting teeth)
- Permanent teeth (dentes permanentes)
- Incisors (dentes incisivi; incisive or cutting teeth)
- Canine teeth (dentes canini)
- Permanent teeth (dentes permanentes)
- Canine teeth (dentes canini)
- Permanent teeth (dentes permanentes)
- Premolars or Bicuspid teeth (dentes præmolares)
- Molar teeth (dentes molares)
- Deciduous teeth (dentes decidui; temporary or milk teeth)
- Structure of the teeth
- Structure of the teeth
- enamel
- cement (crusta petrosa)
- dentin (substantia eburnea; ivory)
- dental canaliculi (dentinal tubules)
- Structure of the teeth
- matrix (intertubular dentin)
- enamel (substantia adamantina)
- enamel fibers or enamel prisms (prismata adamantina)
- parallel striae (colored lines of Retzius)
- crusta petrosa or cement (substantia ossea)
- Development of the deciduous teeth
- Development of the deciduous teeth
- enamel cells (adamantoblasts)
- external enamel epithelium
- enamel organ
- Formation of the Enamel
- Formation of the Dentin
- Development of the deciduous teeth
- Development of the Permanent teeth
Tongue (lingua)
редактиране- Root (radix linguae base)
- Apex (apex linguae tip)
- Inferior Surface (facies inferior linguae under surface)
- Dorsum of the tongue (dorsum linguæ)
- Dorsum of the tongue (dorsum linguæ)
- Papillae of the tongue
- papillae vallatae (circumvallate papillae)
- papillae fungiformes (fungiform papillae)
- Extrinsic muscles of tongue
- Genioglossus (Geniohyoglossus)
- Hyoglossus
- Extrinsic muscles of tongue
- intrinsic muscles of tongue
- Longitudinalis linguæ superior (Superior lingualis)
- Longitudinalis linguæ inferior (Inferior lingualis)
- Transversus linguæ (Transverse lingualis)
- intrinsic muscles of tongue
- Verticalis linguæ (Vertical lingualis)
- Structure of the Tongue
- Glands of the tongue
- Septum of tongue
- hyoglossal membrane
- Taste-buds
- Vessels and Nerves
- lingual branch of the external carotid artery, external maxillary artery and ascending pharyngeal artery
- internal jugular vein
- sensory nerves of the tongue
- lingual branch of the mandibular nerve
- chorda tympani branch of the facial nerve
- lingual branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve
- superior laryngeal nerve
- Salivary glands
- Parotid gland (glandula parotis)
- Parotid gland (glandula parotis)
- accessory part (socia parotidis)
- parotid duct (ductus parotideus; Stensen's duct)
- Submaxillary gland (glandula submaxillaris)
- submaxillary duct (ductus submaxillaris; Wharton's duct)
- Sublingual gland (glandula sublingualis)
- Structure of the Salivary Glands
- Structure of the Salivary Glands
- accessory glands
The fauces (Тема 243)
редактиране- isthmus faucium
- glossopalatine arch (arcus glossopalatinus; anterior pillar of fauces)
- pharyngopalatine arch (arcus pharyngopalatinus; posterior pillar of fauces)
- Palatine tonsils (tonsillae palatinae tonsil)
- Palatine tonsils (tonsillae palatinae tonsil)
The pharynx (Тема 244)
редактиране- pharynx
- pharyngeal recess (fossa of Rosenmüller)
- Nasal part of the pharynx (pars nasalis pharyngis; nasopharynx)
- pharyngeal ostium of the auditory tube
- torus or cushion
- Nasal part of the pharynx (pars nasalis pharyngis; nasopharynx)
- Oral part of the pharynx (pars oralis pharyngis)
- Laryngeal part of the pharynx (pars laryngea pharyngis)
- Muscles of the pharynx
- Muscles of the pharynx
- Structure
The esophagus (Тема 245)
редактиране- Relations
- Structure
- muscular coat (tunica muscularis)
- areolar or submucous coat (tela submucosa)
- mucous coat (tunica mucosa)
- esophageal glands (glandulae aesophageæ)
The abdomen (Тема 246)
редактиране- abdomen
- diaphragm of the pelvis
- abdomen proper
- Apertures in the Walls of the Abdomen
- Regions of the abdomen
- Regions of the abdomen
- Regions of the abdomen
- epigastric region
- right and left hypochondriac region
- umbilical region
- hypogastric or pubic region
- right and left iliac or inguinal region
- pelvis
- greater omentum
- Peritoneum (Tunica serosa)
- Vertical Disposition of the Main peritoneal cavity (greater sac)
- ligamentum teres (obliterated umbilical vein)
- falciform ligament of the liver
- superior layer of the coronary ligament
- superior layer of the left triangular ligament
- inferior layer of the coronary ligament
- hepatorenal ligament
- bare area of the liver
- Vertical Disposition of the Main peritoneal cavity (greater sac)
- Vertical Disposition of the Main peritoneal cavity (greater sac)
- Vertical Disposition of the Omental bursa (lesser peritoneal sac)
- Vertical Disposition of the Omental bursa (lesser peritoneal sac)
- Horizontal Disposition of the Peritoneum
- In the Pelvis
Horizontal Disposition of the Peritoneum
редактиране- Horizontal Disposition of the Peritoneum
- Horizontal Disposition of the Peritoneum
- In the Lower Abdomen
- In the Upper Abdomen
- phrenicolienal ligament
- gastrolienal ligament
- Omental bursa (bursa omentalis; lesser peritoneal sac)
- epiploic foramen (foramen epiploicum; foramen of Winslow)
- omental bursa
- omenta
- lesser omentum (omentum minus; small omentum; gastrohepatic omentum)
- omenta
- lesser omentum (omentum minus; small omentum; gastrohepatic omentum)
- greater omentum (omentum majus; great omentum; gastrocolic omentum)
- mesenteries
- mesentery proper (mesenterium)
- transverse mesocolon (mesocolon transversum)
- sigmoid mesocolon (mesocolon sigmoideum)
- Peritoneal recesses or Fossæ (retroperitoneal fossæ)
- Peritoneal recesses or Fossæ (retroperitoneal fossæ)
- Cecal fossæ (pericecal folds or fossæ)
- intersigmoid fossa (recessus intersigmoideus)
The stomach (Тема 247)
редактиране- stomach
- Openings
- Openings
- Curvatures
- lesser curvature (curvatura ventriculi minor)
- greater curvature (curvatura ventriculi major)
- Surfaces
- Component Parts of the Stomach
- Component Parts of the Stomach
- pyloric valve (valvula pylori)
- Structure (layers)
- serous coat (tunica serosa)
- muscular coat (tunica muscularis)
- longitudinal fibers (stratum longitudinale)
- Structure (layers)
- circular fibers (stratum circulare)
- Structure (layers)
- oblique fibers (fibræ obliquæ)
- areolar or submucous coat (tela submucosa)
- mucous membrane (tunica mucosa)
- Gastric glands
- small intestine
- Duodenum
- Duodenum
- superior portion (pars superior; first portion)
- descending portion (pars descendens; second portion)
- Duodenum
- horizontal portion (pars horizontalis; third or preaortic or transverse portion)
- ascending portion (pars ascendens; fourth portion)
- Jejunum (intestinum jejunum)
- Кръгли гънки (valvulæ conniventes)
- Meckel's diverticulum (diverticulum ilei)
- structures of the small intestines
- Кръгли гънки (plicæ circulares [Kerkringi]; valvulæ conniventes; valves of Kerkring)
- structures of the small intestines
- intestinal villi (villi intestinales)
- intestinal glands (glandulæ intestinales; crypts of Lieberkühn)
- structures of the small intestines
- duodenal glands (glandulæ duodenales; Brunner's glands)
- solitary lymphatic nodules (noduli lymphatici solitarii; solitary glands)
- aggregated lymphatic nodules (noduli lymphatici aggregati; Peyer's patches; Peyer's glands; agminated follicles; tonsillæ intestinales)
- nerves of the small intestines
- large intestine (Intestinum Crassum)
- Cecum (intestinum cæcum)
- Vermiform process or Appendix (processus vermiformis)
- Colic valve (valvula coli; ileocecal valve)
- Colon
- Ascending colon (colon ascendens)
- Transverse colon (colon transversum)
- Transverse colon (colon transversum)
- Descending colon (colon descendens)
- Descending colon (colon descendens)
- Sigmoid colon (colon sigmoideum; pelvic colon; sigmoid flexure)
- Rectum (intestinum rectum)
- Anal canal (pars analis recti)
- Anal canal (pars analis recti)
- Structure of the colon
- Structure of the colon
- solitary lymphatic nodules (noduli lymphatic solitarii)
- Vessels and Nerves
- Congenital hernia
- черен дроб (Hepar)
- жлъчка
Повърхности на черния дроб
редактиране- горна повърхност на черния дроб (facies superior)
- долна повърхност на черния дроб (facies inferior; висцерална повърхност)
- долна повърхност на черния дроб (facies inferior; висцерална повърхност)
- задна повърхност на черния дроб (facies posterior)
- задна повърхност на черния дроб (facies posterior)
- преден ръб на черния дроб (margo anterior)
Ямки
редактиране- лява сагитална ямка (fossa sagittalis sinistra; дължинна фисура)
- ямка за пъпна вена
- червенодроб мост
- ямка за венозен канал
- венозна връзка
- порта or напречна фисура (porta hepatis)
- ямка за жлъчен мехур (fossa vesicæ felleæ)
- ямка за долна кухна вена (fossa venæ cavæ)
Дялове
редактиране- десен дял на черния дроб (lobus hepatis dexter)
- квадратен дял на черния дроб (lobus quadratus)
- опашат дял (lobus caudatus; Spigelian lobe)
- опашат израстък
- ляв дял на черния дроб (lobus hepatis sinister)
Външни препратки
редактиране- сърповидна връзка (ligamentum falciforme hepatis)
- коронарна връзка (ligamentum coronarium hepatis)
- чернодробнобъбречна връзка
- дясна триъгълна връзка (ligamentum triangulare dextrum)
- лява триъгълна връзка (ligamentum triangulare sinistrum)
- кръгла връзка (ligamentum teres hepatis)
- напречна преграда
Развитие на черния дроб
редактиранеСъдове и нерви
редактиранеСтруктура на черния дроб
редактиране- серозна обвивка (tunica serosa)
- влакнеста обвивка (capsula fibrosa; ареоларна обвивка)
- чернодробни делчета (lobuli hepatis)
- междуделчев сплит
Microscopic Appearance
редактиране- вътределчева вена
- подделчева вена
- чернодробна артерия
- влагалищни клони
- капсуларни клони
- междуделчеви клони
- портна вена
- междуделчев сплит
- вътределчева вена
- подделчева вена
- жлъчни канали
- междуклетъчни жлъчни каналчета (жлъчни капиляри)
Отделителен апарат на черния дроб
редактиране- чернодробен канал (ductus hepaticus)
- жлъчен мехур (vesica fellea)
- жлъчен мехур (vesica fellea)
- Структура на жлъчния мехур
- външна или серозна обвивка (tunica serosa vesicæ felleæ)
- фибромускулна обвивка (tunica muscularis vesicæ felleæ)
- вътрешна обвивка или лигавица (tunica mucosa vesicæ felleæ)
- Структура на жлъчния мехур
- мехуров канал (ductus cysticus)
- общ жлъчен мехур (ductus choledochus)
The pancreas (Тема 251)
редактиране- Отношения
- Head of pancreas
- Head of pancreas
- Neck of pancreas
- Body of pancreas (corpus pancreatis)
- anterior surface of pancreas (facies anterior)
- posterior surface of pancreas (facies posterior)
- inferior surface of pancreas (facies inferior)
- superior border (margo superior)
- anterior border (margo anterior)
- inferior border (margo inferior)
- Tail of pancreas (cauda pancreatis)
- Pancreatic duct (ductus pancreaticus; duct of Wirsung)
- Развитие
- Развитие
- Устройство
- Устройство
- Vessels and Nerves
Development of the urinary and generative organs (Тема 252)
редактиране- The Pronephros and Wolffian Duct
- The Mesonephros, Müllerian Duct, and Genital Gland
- The Mesonephros, Müllerian Duct, and Genital Gland
- Müllerian ducts
- genital cord
- Müllerian eminence
- appendices testis (hydatids of Morgagni)
- Testis
- Descent of the Testes
- Descent of the Testes
- Descent of the Ovaries
- The Metanephros and the Permanent Kidney
- Метанефрос
The kidneys (Тема 253)
редактиране- kidneys
- ureters
- urinary bladder
- urethra
- kidneys
- Relations
- anterior surface (facies anterior)
- Relations
- Posterior surface (facies posterior)
- Borders
- lateral border (margo lateralis; external border)
- Borders
- medial border (margo medialis; internal border)
- Extremities
- superior extremity (extremitas superior)
- inferior extremity (extremitas inferior)
- Fixation of the Kidney
- General Structure of the Kidney
- renal sinus
- renal calyces
- renal pelvis
- medullary substance (substantia medullaris) (Renal medulla)
- renal pyramids
- cortical substance (substantia corticalis) (Renal cortex)
- renal columns
- cortical arches
- Minute Anatomy
- Minute Anatomy
- glomerular capsule (Bowman's capsule)
- Minute Anatomy
- The Renal Bloodvessels
- The Renal Bloodvessels
- The Renal Bloodvessels
The ureters (Тема 254)
редактиране- ureters
- calyces
- renal pelvis
- Ureter proper
- abdominal part (pars abdominalis)
- pelvic part (pars pelvina)
- ovarian fossa
- Structure
- fibrous coat (tunica adventitia)
- muscular coat (tunica muscularis)
- mucous coat (tunica mucosa)
- urinary bladder
- Empty bladder
- Ligaments
- Interior of the Bladder
- Interior of the Bladder
- Structure of the Bladder
- serous coat (tunica serosa)
- muscular coat (tunica muscularis)
- Structure of the Bladder
- muscular coat (tunica muscularis)
- submucous coat (tela submucosa)
- mucous coat (tunica mucosa)
The male urethra (Тема 256)
редактиране- мъжка пикочен канал
- prostatic portion (pars prostatica)
- prostatic portion (pars prostatica)
- membranous portion (pars membranacea)
- cavernous portion (pars cavernosa; penile or spongy portion)
- external urethral orifice (orificium urethrae externum; meatus urinarius)
- lining membrane of the urethra
- Устройство
- Congenital defects
The female urethra (Тема 257)
редактиранеThe testes and their coverings (Тема 258)
редактиране- скротум
- Intercrural fascia (intercolumnar or external spermatic fascia)
- Cremaster
- Infundibuliform fascia (tunica vaginalis communis)
- Tunica vaginalis
- Inguinal canal (canalis inguinalis)
- Spermatic cord (funiculus spermaticus)
- Spermatic cord (funiculus spermaticus)
- Testes
- epididymis
- duct of the testis
- sinus of the epididymis (digital fossa)
- Appendages of the Testis and Epididymis
- appendix of the testis (hydatid of Morgagni)
- appendix of the epididymis (pedunculated hydatid)
- tunics
- Tunica vaginalis (tunica vaginalis propria testis)
- visceral lamina (lamina visceralis)
- parietal lamina (lamina parietalis)
- Tunica albuginea
- Tunica vaginalis (tunica vaginalis propria testis)
- обвивки
- Tunica albuginea
- mediastinum testis (corpus Highmori)
- Tunica vasculosa
- Tunica albuginea
- Устройство
- Устройство
- ductus deferens
- Ductuli aberrantes
- ductulus aberrans inferior (vas aberrans of Haller)
- ductulus aberrans superior
- Paradidymis (organ of Giraldés)
The penis (Тема 262)
редактиране- Corpus cavernosum urethræ (corpus spongiosum)
- root (radix penis)
- body (corpus penis)
- extremity
- integument
- Structure of the Penis
- trabeculae
- trabeculae of corpora cavernosa of penis
- trabeculae of corpus spongiosum of penis (listed as corpus cavernosum urethrae)
- trabeculae
- Vessels and Nerves
The prostate (Тема 263)
редактиране- prostate
- base (basis prostatae)
- apex (apex prostatae)
- Surfaces
- posterior surface (facies posterior)
- anterior surface (facies anterior)
- lateral surfaces
- Vessels and Nerves
The ovaries (Тема 266)
редактиране- Epoöphoron (parovarium; organ of Rosenmüller)
- Устройство
- Устройство
- Discharge of the Ovum
- Vessels and Nerves
The uterine tube (Тема 267)
редактиране- Tuba uterina; Fallopian tube; Oviduct
- uterine tubes
- isthmus
- ampulla
- infundibulum
- abdominal ostium
- fimbriae
- ovarian fimbria
- appendices vesiculosae (hydatids of Morgagni)
The uterus (Тема 268)
редактиране- internal orifice of the uterus
- Body (corpus uteri)
- vesical or anterior surface (facies vesicalis)
- intestinal or posterior surface (facies intestinalis)
- fundus (fundus uteri)
- lateral margins (margo lateralis)
- Cervix (cervix uteri; neck)
- supravaginal portion (portio supravaginalis cervicis)
- Cervix (cervix uteri; neck)
- vaginal portion (portio vaginalis cervicis)
- Interior of the Uterus
- ligaments of the uterus
- anterior ligament
- posterior ligament
- two lateral or broad ligaments (ligamentum latum uteri)
- ligaments of the uterus
- two lateral or broad ligaments (ligamentum latum uteri)
- round ligaments (ligamentum teres uteri)
- ligamentum transversalis colli
- structure of uterus
- serous coat (tunica serosa)
- muscular coat (tunica muscularis)
- mucous membrane (tunica mucosa)
The vagina (Тема 269)
редактиране- Mons pubis (commissura labiorum anterior; mons Veneris)
- Labia majora (labia majora pudendi)
- Labia minora (labia minora pudendi; nymphæ)
- Labia minora (labia minora pudendi; nymphæ)
- Vestibule (vestibulum vaginæ)
- vestibule of the vagina (vestibulum vaginæ)
- external urethral orifice (orificium urethræ externum; urinary meatus)
- vaginal orifice
- hymen
- imperforate hymen
- carunculae hymenales
- navicular fossa
- Bulb of the vestibule (bulbus vestibuli; vaginal bulb)
- Greater vestibular glands (glandulæ vestibularis major [Bartholini]; Bartholin's glands)
The mammæ (Тема 271)
редактиране- Mammary gland; Breasts
- mammæ
- Mammary papilla or Nipple (papilla mammæ)
- areola
- areolar glands
The thyroid gland (Тема 272)
редактиране- Thyroid gland (Glandula Thyreiodea; Thyroid body)
- lobes of thyroevil. thyreoideæ)
- thyroid isthmus (isthmus gl. thyreoidea)
- pyramidal lobe
- Levator glandulæ thyreoideæ
- accessory thyroid glands (glandulæ thyreoideæ accessoriæ)
- thyroglossal duct
- parathyroid glands
The thymus (Тема 274)
редактиране- thymus
- Development of the Hypophysis cerebri
The pineal body (Тема 276)
редактиранеThe chromaphil and cortical systems (Тема 277)
редактиране- Suprarenal glands (Glandulæ Suprarenalis; Adrenal capsule)
- Development
- Relations
- Relations
- left suprarenal
- accessory suprarenals (glandulæ suprarenales accessoriæ)
- Structure
- cortical portion (substantia corticalis)
- medullary portion (substantia medullaris)
- Glomus caroticum (Carotid glands; Carotid bodies)
- Glomus coccygeum (Coccygeal gland or Body; Luschka's gland)
The spleen (Тема 278)
редактиране- spleen (lien)
- Relations
- diaphragmatic surface (facies diaphragmatica; external or phrenic surface)
- visceral surface
- gastric surface (facies gastrica)
- Relations
- renal surface (facies renalis)
- superior extremity (extremitas superior)
- lower extremity or colic surface (extremitas inferior)
- anterior border (margo anterior)
- posterior border (margo posterior)
- inferior border (internal border)
- phrenicolienal ligament
- gastrolienal ligament
- accessory spleens (lien accessorius; supernumerary spleen)
- Structure
- Structure
- areolae
- splenic pulp (pulpa lienis)
- splenic cells
- Bloodvessels of the Spleen